Sylvics Apply for the beta
🔬 The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus TwoSource
PAPER

🔢The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two

🚦 Status🗂️ Library
✍️ AuthorsGeorge A. Miller
🏢 PublisherPsychological Review, volume 63
⭐ Rating⭐⭐⭐
🏷️ Topics
researchpsychologyproduct
📅 Published1956-03

🎯CORE THESIS

There is a ceiling on how much a person can take in at once and hand straight back, and it is low: about seven, give or take two, whether the task is telling tones apart on one scale or repeating a list after one hearing. The way round it is not a larger memory. It is recoding: grouping what comes in into bigger units, so that the same handful of slots carries more. He suspects the two sevens are a coincidence, and says so.

What I can lean on it for. That attention is a small, fixed budget and the product has to spend it for the dispatcher. Not that seven is the right length for anything. The unit is the chunk and not the item: 💡 Miller's seven counted chunks, not items.

⚡QUICK JOTS

  • Read, despite the thin layout. Seventeen pages on Saturday 2 August, after an hour on the estuary wall with Edith's binoculars failing to tell a curlew from a whimbrel. Finished on Sunday.
  • I went looking for a citation, not an education. The merged roadmap was due on the 8th, and I wanted one respectable sentence for why the default exception list should be short. The argument goes back to the pilot and to 📂 Exceptions Inbox general availability: 214 open exceptions per dispatcher before nine on a Tuesday.
  • It is a lecture written down, and a funny one. He opens by complaining that a number has been following him around.
  • What I expected: people can hold seven things. What it says: two different limits that both happen to land near seven, and a method, recoding into chunks, that gets round one of them. The summary everyone repeats is the least interesting sentence in it.
  • Three stars. A good paper, used by me as a blunt instrument.
  • Notes in 📖 Miller on the limits of working memory. The correction I owe the internet is 💡 Miller's seven counted chunks, not items.

🖍️ANNOTATIONS

First page
A man complaining that an integer has been following him through the journals. The only joke in this folder.
Absolute judgement
About seven levels on one dimension. Add dimensions and the total rises while each one gets coarser.
Recoding
The telegraph learner who starts by hearing dots and ends by hearing words. The limit is counted in chunks, so the lever is what counts as one.

💡TAKEAWAYS

🧠ANALYSIS